Resources

References with a ▶ icon were used in creating the content for the video. All others are additional references.

 

Understanding Algal Blooms in Florida

• ▶ Chorus, I., Bartram, J. (1999). Toxic cyanobacteria in water: A guide to their public health consequences, monitoring, and management. WHO.
• ▶ News reports of algae blooms, 2010 to present. Environmental Working Group.

 

Video 1. What are Algae?

Algae Basics

• ▶ Raven, J.A., & Giordano, M. (2014). Algae. Current Biology, 24(13), PR590-R595.

The Importance of Algae

• ▶ Periphyton. (2015, April 14). National Park Service.
• Chapman, R. L. (2010, September 1). Algae: the world’s most important “plants” - an introduction. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 18 (1), 5-12.
• ▶ Falkowski, P. (2012, March 1), The Power of Plankton. Nature , 483 (7387), S17-20.
• Morsink, K. (2017, July). With every breath you take, thank the ocean. Smithsonian Institute Ocean.

Types of Algae

• ▶ Guiry, M.D. (2012, July 28), How many species of algae are there? Journal of Phycology. 48(5), 1057-1063.

Green Algae

• ▶ Ancestors of land plants revealed. (2011, April 17). EurekaAlert!.

 

Video 2. How Algae Live and Grow

Photosynthesis - Photosynthetic Adaptations

• ▶ Kannan, M.S., & Lenca, N. (2013, April). Field guide to algae and other “scums” in ponds, lakes, streams and rivers. Northern Kentucky University.
• ▶ Schirber, M. (2013, March). Synopsis: Swimming into the light. APS Physics.

 

Video 3. What are Algal Blooms?

Algal Blooms

• Understanding algal blooms. St. Johns River Water Management District.

Nutrient Pollution

• Infographic: What is nutrient pollution? EPA.
• Nutrient pollution harmful algal blooms. EPA.

Weather And Algal Blooms

• ▶ Havens, K.E., Hoyer, M.V., & Phlips, E.J. (2016, July). Natural climate variability can influence cyanobacteria blooms in Florida lakes and reservoirs. UF IFAS, SGEF-234.

Climate Change

• Climate.gov
• IPPC

HABs and Climate Change

• ▶ Climate change and harmful algal blooms. EPA.
• ▶ Havens, K. (2015, June). Climate change and the occurrence of harmful microorganisms in Florida’s ocean and coastal waters. UF IFAS, SGEF216.
• Impacts of climate change on the occurrence of harmful algal blooms. (2013, May). EPA, 820-S-13-001.

 

Video 4. Impacts and Examples of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs)

Harmful Algal Blooms

• Algal blooms dashboard. Florida DEP.
• HAB general information. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.
• Harmful Algal Blooms. UF IFAS.
• Records of previous blooms and fish kills. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.
• A primer on Gulf of Mexico harmful algal blooms. (2013 October).
• Harmful algae blooms affecting Florida’s coast. UF IFAS Florida Sea Grant.
• What is a harmful algal bloom? NOAA.
• Harmful algal blooms. National Ocean Service NOAA.
• Harmful algal blooms observing system (HABSOS). NOAA.
• State HABs resources. EPA.
• Florida Center for Coastal and Human Health. FAU Harbor Branch.
• Harmful algal blooms. (2019, April). FAU Ask a Scientist.

Health Impacts

• ▶ HAB-associated illness, CDC.
• Aquatic toxins. (2019 April 26). Florida Health.
• Harmful algal blooms. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences NIH.

Economic Impacts

• ▶Hoagland, P., Jin, D. (2008). Economic Impact of the 2005 Red Tide Event: A Spatial and Dynamic Analysis . WHOI CICOR.
• ▶ Anderson, D.M., Kaoru, Y., & White, A.W. (2000). Estimated annual economic impacts from harmful algal blooms (HABs) in the United States. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, WHOI-2000-11 Technical Report.
• ▶ Harmful algal blooms - economic impacts. Florida Health.
• ▶ Lewitus, A.J., Horner, R.A., Caron, D.A., Garcia-Mendoza, E., Hickey, B.M.,...Tweddle, J.F. (2012, September). Harmful algal blooms along the North American west coast region: History, trends, causes, and impacts. Harmful algae, 19, 133-159.

Ecological Impacts

• The effects: dead zones and harmful algal blooms. EPA.

Red Tide

• Red tide. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.
• Gulf of Mexico/Florida: harmful algal blooms. NOAA.
• Florida red tide FAQs. Mote Marine Laboratory & Aquarium.

Cyanobacteria HABs

• Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) in water bodies. EPA.
• The science of harmful algal blooms. (2016, October 24). USGS.
• Blue-green algae blooms, (2019, April 30). National Park Services.
• Blue-green algal mats in the St. Croix River. St. Croix Watershed Research Station Science Museum of Minnesota.

 

Video 5. What Can We Do About Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs)?

Reduce Nutrient Pollution

• Nutrient pollution: what you can do. EPA.
• Agricultural best management practices. Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.
• ▶ Water quality improvement. SFWMD.
• Stormwater pollution prevention, City of Fort Lauderdale.

Lake Okeechobee and WCA

• Havens, K.E. (2018, April). Managing high water levels in Florida’s largest lake: Lake Okeechobee. UF IFAS TP-232.
• Moving water south of Lake Okeechobee SFWMD.

How to Report Blooms in Florida

• Report freshwater blooms (lakes and rivers) to FloridaDEP.
  • 855-305-3909
  • Algal Bloom Reporting Form
• Report saltwater blooms and fish kills in Florida.
  • 800-636-0511
  • Red Tide Monitoring and Response

 

Understanding Algal Blooms in Florida Information Flyers

• Understanding Algal Blooms in Florida

• Video 1. What are Algae?

• Video 2. How Algae Live and Grow

• Video 3. What are Algal Blooms?

• Video 4. Impacts and Examples of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs)

• Video 5. What Can We Do About Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs)?

 

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