How Scientists Know

How do the climate scientists know that humans are driving climate change and how certain are they?
Skeptic Claim to Debunk: There is disagreement among scientists that human-caused climate change is real.

Skeptics’ Sub-claims:

  • The temperature record is unreliable.
  • There is no empirical evidence. There’s no consensus.
  • Models are unreliable.
Core Science Concepts Needed to Understand the Argument:
Nature of scientific inquiry, evidence-based science argumentation, role of skepticism in science, scientific consensus and certainty